We have previously isolated nucleic acid ligands (aptamers) that bind the surface envelope glycoprotein, gp120, of HIV-1, and neutralize infection of diverse sub-types of virus. Our earlier studies have identified the overall structure of one of these aptamers, B40, and have indicated that it binds to gp120 in a manner that competes with that of the HIV-1 coreceptor, CCR5, and select "CD4i" antibodies with epitopes overlapping this region. Here, we sought to map the B40 binding site on gp120 more precisely by analysing its interaction with a panel of alanine substitution mutants of gp120. Furthermore, we tested our hypothesis concerning the structure of the 40 nucleotide functional core of the aptamer by the solid-phase synthesis of truncated and chemically modified derivatives. The results confirm our structural predictions and demonstrate that aptamer B40 neutralizes a diverse range of HIV-1 isolates as a result of binding to relatively conserved residues on gp120 at the heart of the CCR5-binding site. These structural insights may provide the basis for the development of potential anti-viral agents with high specificity and robustness. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
CITATION STYLE
Cohen, C., Forzan, M., Sproat, B., Pantophlet, R., McGowan, I., Burton, D., & James, W. (2008). An aptamer that neutralizes R5 strains of HIV-1 binds to core residues of gp120 in the CCR5 binding site. Virology, 381(1), 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2008.08.025
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