Anesthesia techniques in cesarean and pyometra operations in cats and bitches

Abstract

Anesthetic substances are used in cesarean and pyometra operations, which are frequently applied in veterinary birth and gynecology, both to eliminate the feeling of the ache and the pain of the patient and to ensure the safety of physicians and their assistants. Premedication, carried out in cesarean and pyometra operations, prevents stress and anxiety that may occur in the mother during the oxygenation and intravenous catheterization that will be applied in preoperative period. However, a balanced and effective medication causes to reduce the amount of anesthetic substance to be used for induction. Sedative-hypnotic (thiopental, propofol, alfaxalone, and etomidate), dissociative (Ketamine HCL) and inhalation agents (isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane) are frequently used for induction. Due to their physicochemical properties, the anesthetic and analgesic substances to be used on pregnant animals show their effects by crossing the blood-brain barrier. This situation causes the anesthetic substances can pass easily the placental barrier and to be seen adverse effects on the fetus. There is no protocol that can only anesthetize the mother without affecting the offspring. Therefore, anesthesia protocol that affects minimally both mother and offspring should be chosen. As in pyometra animals, renal failure, cardiac arrhythmia and hepatic dysfunction are observed, an appropriate anesthesia protocol should be chosen against these problems. This compilation is prepared to give information about safe and effective anesthetic substances and anesthesia protocols that can be used on patients undergoing cesarean and pyometra operations.