Post-Operative Infection Rate Between Single Dose Versus Multiple Dose Antibiotic Therapyin Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract

Objective: To compare the frequency of post-operative infection rate between single dose versus multiple dose antibiotic therapy in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Study Design: Comparative prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Surgical Department, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Pakistan from Oct 2017 to Feb 2020. Methodology: Patients of both genders undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for simple cholelithiasis were included. Group-A patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy using single-dose prophylactic antibiotic therapy with 2-gram 3rd generation cephalosporin at the time of induction of anaesthesia. In contrast, Group-B patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy using 2-grams of 3rd generation Cephalosporin intravenously at the time of induction of anaesthesia followed by intravenous 1-gram Ceftriaxone two doses 12 hours apart. All patients were followed up on the first post-operative day, and then 1-week and 2-week follow up were done for any surgical site infection. Results: Patients in Group-A had a mean age of 37.12±6.53 years, while patients in Group-B had a mean age of 37.74±6.40 years. The post-operative infection rate in Group-A (single dose antibiotic therapy) was seen in 08 (4.28%), while in Group-B (multiple dose antibiotic therapies) was seen in 18 (9.63%) patients (p-value = 0.042). Conclusion: This study concluded that the single-dose prophylactic antibiotic is as good as multiple-dose antibiotic therapy used as prophylaxis for the prevention of post-operative infection rate among patients with cholecystectomy done via the laparoscopic method.