Gender-based differences in the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy with losartan compared with enalapril

Abstract

Objective: Today there is a limited number of gender-based characteristics of the enalapril and losar-tan administration in order to correct blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension.The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of enalapril and losartan for blood pressure correcting in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), depending on gender. Materials and methods: The study was carried out in 2019 at Military Hospital 175 in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. To achieve this goal, 100 people were included in the study (50 females in the menopause and 50 males) with grade I-II arterial hypertension aged 50 to 60 years. Patients with hypertension were divided into the following groups: group 1A – 25 males, who received enalapril 20 mg/d and 12.5 mg/d hydrochlorothiazide once per day as antihypertensive therapy; group 1B – 25 males, who received losartan 50 mg/d and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg/d once per day; group 2A – 25 females, who received enalapril 20 mg/d and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg/d once per day; group 2B – 25 females, who received losartan 50 mg/d and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg/d once per day. The follow-up was 12 weeks. Results and discussion: The study showed that antihypertensive therapy with losartan is more effective in females compared with enalapril, as evidenced by a significant SBP decrease by 21.1% (p<0.05) at the end of treatment with losartan in females versus 18.6% (p<0.05) when using enalapril with the presence of a statistically significant intergroup difference in the indicator (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicate the presence of a gender difference in the antihypertensive effect of losartan and enalapril.