Regeneration in Animals

Abstract

R R (r, Röntgen, Roentgen): This is a unit of ionizing radiation (1 electrostatic unit of charge in 1 cm 3 dry air at 0 °C and 760 mm pressure; about 93 ergs/living cells). ▶Rad, ▶Rem, ▶rep, ▶Gy, ▶Sv, ▶cR, ▶measurement units R: This is a free software environment for statistical computing and graphics. (See http://www.r-project. org/). r (population recombination parameter): This is inversely proportional to linkage disequilibrium in a population (Hudson RR 2001 Genetics 150:1805). The size of ρ under conditions of selection is generally lower than expected under condition of neutral equilibrium; conversely linkage disequilibri-um increases under domestication (Wright SI et al 2005 Science 308:1310). ▶linkage disequilibrium r (rho): ▶buoyant density, ▶petite colony mutants, ▶transcription termination in prokaryotes R1: Refer to methylation sites in the cytoplasmic region of E. coli chemotaxis transducer proteins. R1, R2: These are ubiquitous retroposons in arthropod ribosomal RNA. ▶retroposon; Pérez-González CE, Eickbush TH 2002 Genetics 162:799. R2: ▶hybrid dysgenesis I–R rII: ▶rapid lysis mutants of bacteriophages R Bands: These are heat-denaturation resistant chromo-somal bands and half of them have telomeric sites. The bright field R bands usually show the reverse Giemsa pattern of the bands (see Fig. R1). ▶iso-chores, ▶C banding, ▶G banding, ▶chromosome banding; Dutrillaux B, Lejeune J 1974 Adv Hum Genet 5:119. Figure R1. R-banded human chromosome