Enabling Grid-Forming Control Under Unbalanced Conditions

Abstract

Standalone microgrids often experience unbalanced loading and faults, which can cause grid-forming control de-signed for balanced conditions to produce oscillatory responses. To address this issue, a compact time-domain transformation appropriate for inverter control is proposed, allowing the con-version of unbalanced three-phase signals to positive and negative synchronous reference frames. This transformation supports the development of a grid-forming control with fault ride-through, featuring frequency and voltage droop controllers and nested current and voltage control loops that seamlessly integrate an enhanced current limiter. The effectiveness of the proposed control and transformation is demonstrated through analytical results and electromagnetic transient simulation.