Assessment of Artificial Neural Networks Learning Algorithms and Training Datasets for Solar Photovoltaic Power Production Prediction

Abstract

The capability of accurately predicting the Solar Photovoltaic (PV) power productions is crucial to effectively control and manage the electrical grid. In this regard, the objective of this work is to propose an efficient Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model in which 10 different learning algorithms (i.e., different in the way in which the adjustment on the ANN internal parameters is formulated to effectively map the inputs to the outputs) and 23 different training datasets (i.e., different combinations of the real-time weather variables and the PV power production data) are investigated for accurate 1 day-ahead power production predictions with short computational time. In particular, the correlations between different combinations of the historical wind speed, ambient temperature, global solar radiation, PV power productions, and the time stamp of the year are examined for developing an efficient solar PV power production prediction model. The investigation is carried out on a 231 kWac grid-connected solar PV system located in Jordan. An ANN that receives in input the whole historical weather variables and PV power productions, and the time stamp of the year accompanied with Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) learning algorithm is found to provide the most accurate predictions with less computational efforts. Specifically, an enhancement reaches up to 15, 1, and 5% for the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Coefficient of Determination (R2) performance metrics, respectively, compared to the Persistence prediction model of literature.