Undesirable effects of some topical antiseptics chemical, pharmacological and dermatological aspects

Abstract

Topical antiseptics are a diverse group of agents that are widely used in medicine for the antimicrobial properties. Despite their long history and broad application, caution must be exercised in their use, especially in the pediatric age group, as various cutaneous reactions ranging from hypersensitivity to urticarial to skin necrosis have been reported. The use of topical antiseptics in pediatrics has also been associated with systemic reactions, which depend on the antiseptic in question. Antiseptics such as chlorhexidine, povidon iodine, methylene blue, gentian violet, silver nitrate, boric acid, Castellani solution, alcohol and chloramines have been reviewed. It is essential that physicians bear in mind the possible adverse effects that may follow topical antiseptic use, as this facilitates prevention and also timely intervention if, and when, they occur.