Taxonomic revision of Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) in Chile

Abstract

Parasitic plant genus Cuscuta is important both economically and ecologically. This study is the result of more than fifteen years of herbarium and field studies in preparation for the floristic account of the genus in Nueva Flora de Chile. Eleven species that belong to three sections of subgenus Grammica were confirmed from Chile. Two historically reported species, C. epithymum and C. grandiflora, were not corroborated by the existing evidence. An identification key, typification, detailed descriptions and illustrations were provided to facilitate the identification of species, and their taxonomy was discussed, outlining remaining problems. Geographical distribution, ecology and host range of species were detailed. Results strongly suggested that several species are likely rare (e.g., C. andina, C. rustica, C. pauciflora) or even extinct (C. werdermannii), emphasizing the need for concerted efforts to locate these species in the wild and establish their conservation status.