Scalable Memdiodes Exhibiting Rectification and Hysteresis for Neuromorphic Computing

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Abstract

Metal-Nb2O5−x-metal memdiodes exhibiting rectification, hysteresis, and capacitance are demonstrated for applications in neuromorphic circuitry. These devices do not require any post-fabrication treatments such as filament creation by electroforming that would impede circuit scalability. Instead these devices operate due to Poole-Frenkel defect controlled transport where the high defect density is inherent to the Nb2O5−x deposition rather than post-fabrication treatments. Temperature dependent measurements reveal that the dominant trap energy is 0.22 eV suggesting it results from the oxygen deficiencies in the amorphous Nb2O5−x. Rectification occurs due to a transition from thermionic emission to tunneling current and is present even in thick devices (>100 nm) due to charge trapping which controls the tunneling distance. The turn-on voltage is linearly proportional to the Schottky barrier height and, in contrast to traditional metal-insulator-metal diodes, is logarithmically proportional to the device thickness. Hysteresis in the I–V curve occurs due to the current limited filling of traps.

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Shank, J. C., Tellekamp, M. B., Wahila, M. J., Howard, S., Weidenbach, A. S., Zivasatienraj, B., … Doolittle, W. A. (2018). Scalable Memdiodes Exhibiting Rectification and Hysteresis for Neuromorphic Computing. Scientific Reports, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30727-9

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