Extraterrestrial impacts, volcanoes, climate and sea level

Abstract

The subjects of climate and sea level change are highly complex systems influenced by many factors grouped in several types. One of these types is major hazards: extraterrestrial impacts and internal geodynamic hazards (volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis). In this paper, extraterrestrial impacts and volcanic eruptions are analyzed. Astronomic, geological and historical evidence of great extraterrestrial impacts is presented. The paper analyses also the probability and characteristics of bolides and their kinematics as well as the effects of impacts on land or open sea, dust veil, ozone changes and tsunamis. The volcanic eruptions are analyzed with regard to the mechanics, nature and influence of volcanic aerosols and their level of influence on the climate system. -Author