Association Between Intestinal Diseases and Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background: Despite evidence suggesting a potential correlation between intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) with periodontitis (PD), there is a lack of comprehensive systematic reviews and meta-analyses to consolidate these findings. Methods: This study investigates studies published until December 31, 2023, in reputable databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager Version 5.4, calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) based on the selected research papers, utilizing a fixed-effects model. Results: It demonstrates a significant increase in the risk of PD among patients with IBD, as indicated by an OR of 2.11 (95% CI: 1.80–2.49). Further analysis revealed elevated risks of PD for both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), with respective ORs of 1.96 (95% CI: 1.69–2.26) and 2.14 (95% CI: 1.85–2.47). A direct association was observed between CRC and PD, suggesting a 20% higher risk of PD in patients with CRC (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.06–1.36). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis highlights the potential role of PD in managing systemic conditions like IBD and CRC.