Landscape design of mountain roads and their scientific and technical support

Abstract

Introduction. Special attention has always been paid to the preservation of natural landscapes with the smooth integration of the road route into the relief of mountainous terrain in the Russian Federation. The design of linear objects of transport construction should be accompanied by scientific and technical expertise, i.e. with the participation in the design of scientists or scientific organizations involved in road safety. For this purpose, it is necessary to conduct a spatial analysis of the road and the surrounding landscape. Method of research. The basis of the research was the works of domestic and foreign scientists revealing the problems of landscape design of roads in mountain conditions. Research result. As a result of human activity, the landscape can be modified, violating the harmonious forms of the environment by the discrepancy of the structures under construction, or their unsuccessful placement in the natural relief. Properly and competently designed road can improve and diversify the landscape, if it is approached creatively and make it new harmonious elements. Thus, long-term observations of the operation of roads in mountain conditions give grounds to strictly adhere to the principle of harmonious combination of road elements in the allotted lane in order to preserve the environment and ensure safety in case of landslide phenomena. Conclusion: 1. The article makes a certain scientific contribution to the methodology of road design in mountain conditions. Spe-cial attention is paid to the mistakes of road designers when straightening the tracks, in the plan and in the profile. 2. It is established that to reduce the accident rate of vehicles and injuries of road users mountain road should be laid with a harmonious introduction of its elements in the landscape space of the mountain area. 3. The article in the form of guidelines is useful for designers of roads and trails laid in mountain areas.