Damage of the muscle system in Covid-19

Abstract

The article is devoted to the lesion of the muscular system in the new coronavirus disease - 2019. The analysis of the literature of Russian and foreign researchers on the extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 is carried out. The main target of COVID-19 (CoronaVIrus Disease 2019) is the vascular endothelium. To enter cells, the virus uses a receptor - angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). It has been shown that up to three viruses can attach to one target. Skeletal muscles also have ACE2. In COVID-19, involvement of the muscular system in the pathological process is a predictor of a poor prognosis. In 20% of hospitalized COVID 19 patients, laboratory signs of heart muscle damage are found. The main mechanisms of muscle damage in COVID 19 include ACE2-dependent, viral load, cytokine storm, acute hypoxemia, and drug toxicity. Damage to the muscular system in COVID 19 is an additional risk factor for death. The presented work provides information on the possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of myopathy, as well as muscle weakness in COVID-19, occurring with an increase in blood creatine kinase.