Psoriasis and Metabolic Syndrome: Comorbidities and Environmental and Therapeutic Implications

Abstract

Psoriasis (PS) is an incessant, fiery skin sickness characterized by erythematous plaques with thick silvery scales, white or red patches of the skin, which encompasses several immunological, biomolecular, genetic, and environmental factors that may lead to further development of metabolic syndrome (MS) and vice versa. Metabolic syndrome is composed of multiple components (high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia) of risk factors that arise primarily from insulin resistance, mostly mediated by inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) together with leptin and adiponectin, which are molecules also found in PS. The incidence, severity, and poor prognosis of the psoriatic diseases could be influenced by cardiometabolic diseases, which are controllable or preventable with intense lifestyle modification such as diet, exercise, and weight control. We performed a far-reaching writing search of different databases as part of this review; 47 investigations were regarded as important based on our search. Fasting, proper weight management, and special diet modifications seemed to have a positive impact on the management of PS. This review agrees with previous literature that nutritionists and specialists of preventive medicine should play a central role in the evaluation and management of psoriatic patients. We recommended that the management of this disease should focus on the environmental factors first instead of the genetic and immunologic pathways.