Questioning Sustainable Environmental Policies and Practices in Indonesia: Would Durkheim’s Structural Functionalism Theory Have a Relevance?

Abstract

The Indonesian government introduced Carbon Economic Value (CEV) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through carbon trading, levies, and performance-based payments. Despite criticism and resistance, implementing such a policy is crucial for driving significant societal and lifestyle changes toward a greener future. This article analyzes the creation of CEV policies in meeting Indonesia's emission targets and international commitments. It also identifies and assesses societal and business attitudes towards CEV policies and their impact on the transition to renewable energy and sustainability practices. It is a legal research that examines the validity of positive law, legal principles, and legal doctrines hierarchically. The collected legal materials are analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. This paper found the interplay between SDGs and carbon emission trading underscores a global commitment to combating climate change and advancing sustainable development. Indonesia's CEV policy not only encourages reductions in GHG emissions, the adoption of clean technologies, and in line with SDGs Goal 13 and Goal 7, but also serves critical societal functions akin to Durkheim's theory. It integrates environmental objectives with economic incentives, promoting sustainable growth and social stability. Positive attitudes of society and business leaders towards Indonesia’s CEV policy reflect increasing recognition of its long-term benefits in green technologies and emerging markets, signaling a growing embrace of sustainable practices.