Analysis of Traffic Violations Among Novice Drivers and Motorcyclists in Ecuador: A Road Safety Perspective

Abstract

This study focuses on analyzing traffic violations committed by novice drivers of non-professional licenses in Ecuador. Despite the extensive literature on the relationship between driver age, experience, and road accidents, traffic violations, as indicators of risky behaviors, have received limited attention. The aim of this research is to provide a detailed insight into the trends and characteristics of violations committed by novice drivers and motorcyclists. The sample was collected between 2016 and 2020 from a driving school in Loja, Ecuador. Demographic variables such as age, education level, and gender were analyzed in relation to the violations committed. The results revealed significant gender differences, with a higher proportion of violations committed by males. Additionally, an increase in violations during the first years after obtaining the license, followed by a gradual decrease, was observed. The most common violations included not wearing a seatbelt and parking in prohibited areas. Furthermore, differences in violation trends between drivers and motorcyclists were identified, suggesting the need for differentiated training strategies for both groups. Regarding the relationship between students' age and violations, it was found that younger drivers and motorcyclists were more likely to commit violations, which could be attributed to a penchant for sensation-seeking among young individuals. This study provides a solid foundation for revising and improving training programs in driving schools in Ecuador. A differentiated approach by gender and age group is suggested, as well as the implementation of active learning methods and self-reflection in road safety education. All of these actions will contribute to improving road safety in Ecuador.