The Effect of ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Sea Surface Temperature and Rainfall in the Natuna Sea

Abstract

The Natuna Sea is located at the northwestern part of Indonesia. Previous studies had showed that ENSO has a stronger impact on SST than chlorophyll-a. According to several studies, Indonesian oceans are heavily impacted by IOD. This study uses SST data with high-resolution satellite imagery (MODIS and Pathfinder) and rainfall and wind data from the Reanalysis Model (ERA-5) which is processed using a composite method and correlation grid. This research results, when La-Nia negative IOD SST will decrease 1 C and rainfall rises 7 mm/day while when El-Nio IOD positive SST will increase by 1 C while in rainfall will decrease by 3 mm/day. The variation of SST and rainfall is more influenced by ENSO than IOD.