Life cycle assessment of biodiesel production from crude palm oil: A case study of three Indonesian biodiesel plants

Abstract

This study assessed the life cycle of biodiesel production from crude palm oil at three Indonesian biodiesel plants. The LCA stage is based on ISO 14040, which determines the goal, scope, inventory, impact assessment, and interpretation of the areas under study. However, the main of the research was to compare the carbon footprint biodiesel production processed. Furthermore, the study facilitated and utilized the Greenhouse Gas Protocol V1.02 as a method of life cycle impact assessment, with CO2eq evaluated using fossil fuel, land transformations, and biogenic. The results showed that palm cultivation using crude oil produced the highest pollution source in all categories with the highest at CO2eq. Also, palm cultivation using crude oil production at A, B, and C caused impact categories of 3.2 ton, 3.02 ton, and 2.85-ton fossil CO2eq. These were also extracted from the transportation and production process of crude palm oil in plants that use diesel fuel. Finally, in the production of biodiesel from biodiesel plants A, B, and C, in all categories, the highest impact source of pollution is caused by crude palm oil production.