Effects of insular involvement on functional outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage

Abstract

Objective: Ischemic stroke, as well as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), involving the insular cortex tends to be more severe. The impact of insular involvement on outcome of ICH remains enigmatic. Methods: We analyzed 159 patients with supratentorial ICH. Depending on insular involvement the patients were classified into two groups (ICHnon-insular vs. ICHinsular). Volume and symptom severity of ICH were assessed. Electrocardiography, chest X-ray, and laboratory examinations including myocardial enzymes and inflammatory markers were made. In-hospital death and outcome at discharge from hospital were assessed on the modified Rankin scale (mRS). Results: The main finding was an association of insular involvement of ICH with worse short-term outcome as measured by mRS (common odds ratio: 4.08 (95% CI: 2.09–7.92); p