Evaluasi Manajemen Vibrio dalam Budidaya Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus Vannamei)

Abstract

This study evaluates the management of Vibrio bacteria in the cultivation of Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) at PT Anugrah Tanjung Gumukmas, located in Kepanjen Village, Gumukmas District, Jember Regency, Indonesia. Vibrio bacteria, known for their pathogenic properties, significantly impact the health and survival of shrimp in intensive aquaculture systems. The research aims to determine the abundance of Vibrio bacteria in both shrimp body tissues and culture water, and to assess the effectiveness of management strategies implemented in reducing bacterial load. Data collection was performed through qualitative and quantitative approaches, including the measurement of total Vibrio colonies in water and shrimp tissue samples across multiple ponds. The findings indicate that the highest concentration of Vibrio bacteria in water was observed in pond E22, with an average of 4.3 × 102 CFU/ml, while the lowest was found in other ponds at 1.1 × 101 CFU/ml. Similarly, shrimp body samples from pond E14 exhibited the highest bacterial count of 3 × 105 CFU/ml. The analysis revealed that Vibrio spp. populations in shrimp were highest in pond E12, with 8.9 x 104 CFU/ml, predominantly of the Vibrio alginolyticus type. These levels are considered significant in terms of bacterial management, with concentrations above the normal threshold posing a risk to shrimp health. The results underscore the importance of managing Vibrio levels to ensure a healthy aquaculture environment, with recommendations for improving water quality monitoring and bacterial control strategies.