Biopolymer blends based on poly (lactic acid): Shear and elongation rheology/structure/blowing process relationships

Abstract

This study was dedicated to the blown film extrusion of poly(lactic acid), which mainly presents poor shear and elongation viscosities, and its blends. In order to enhance its melt strength, two main routes were selected (i) a structural modification through chain extension and branching mechanisms by adding a reactive multifunctional epoxide (named Joncryl) and (ii) blending with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephtalate), named PBAT in presence (or not) of Joncryl. The effects of the reactive agent on the shear and elongation rheology, morphological, and interfacial properties of the blends were systematically investigated. A decrease of the interfacial tension has been also demonstrated according to the deformed drop retraction method (DDRM). Hence, the role of Joncryl as a compatibilizer was highlighted. Consequently, finer morphology of the dispersed phase was obtained. Furthermore, the impact of the two modification routes on the blown film extrusion ability of PLA has been studied. Based on the improved shear and elongational rheological properties, a great enlargement of the blowing processing window of PLA modified with Joncryl was demonstrated. Indeed, with the addition of Joncryl into PLA-PBAT blends, a reduction of the instability defects has been detected. Finally, the induced crystalline structure and the thermo-mechanical properties of blown films were shown to be improved.