A Multidimensional Framework Integrating Nutrition Health Coaching, Telenutrition, and Telemonitoring for Sustainable Weight Management: Evidence From Randomized Controlled Trials

Abstract

Challenges in sustaining weight management with dietary interventions highlight the need for behavioral approaches that strengthen adherence and long-term lifestyle changes. Health coaching supported by telenutrition and telemonitoring offers a scalable, patient-centered strategy to address behavioral, clinical, and psychosocial determinants. This narrative review synthesized 32 randomized controlled trials published between 2014 and 2024 evaluating coaching- and technology-supported dietary interventions and applied a conceptual mapping framework to examine relationships between intervention intensity and outcome direction across four domains: weight, metabolic, behavioral adherence, and mental well-being. Across all studies, integrating health coaching in dietary interventions demonstrated consistent improvements in body weight, BMI, lipid profiles, glycemic control, physical activity, dietary adherence, and psychosocial outcomes including self-efficacy, anxiety reduction, and improved quality of life. Classification by mode of coaching showed that virtual health coaching achieved the highest and most consistent outcomes, with moderate to high sustained weight loss and adherence over 12–24 months, while hybrid models produced similarly strong effects through flexible delivery and enhanced accountability in comparison with applications- or web-based programs and social media. Conceptual mapping revealed that multidimensional models, which combine integrative nutrition health coaching, telenutrition, and telemonitoring, achieved the most consistent positive outcomes. Overall, multidimensional models offer a novel clinical framework for sustainable weight management, strengthening outcome effectiveness within dietetic practice.