Cyber Attacks in South Africa: Geopolitical and legal implications

Abstract

The rise of cyber-attacks globally has profound implications for both national security and international relations, with developing countries such as South Africa increasingly becoming targets. This study examines the geopolitical and legal implications of cyber-attacks in South Africa, focusing on the intersection of cyber-attacks, geopolitics, and the adequacy of existing legal frameworks. By analysing recent incidents, the study highlights key enforcement challenges, legal gaps, and the broader geopolitical consequences. The article further explores the challenges in enforcing South Africa’s legal responses, particularly under the Cybercrimes Act of 2020, and highlights the gaps in addressing transnational cyber threats. It argues that South Africa’s legal responses remain inadequate in addressing transnational cyber threats, necessitating stronger legislation, enhanced international cooperation, and more robust cybersecurity strategies. This article is particularly relevant as it sheds light on the intersection of law, geopolitics, and cybersecurity, offering a critical perspective on how South Africa can strengthen its digital defences in an increasingly complex global landscape.