Experience in creating a soil-reclamation map of the Zarafshan river valley based on the system analysis of lithodynamic flow structures

Abstract

Analysis of lithodynamic flows and soil-reclamation studies, based on the plastic relief map, allowed for a systematic analysis of the main components of the natural environment. The ways of migration of chemical elements in the soil are established. For the first time, causal relationships of spatial differentiation of the degree and chemical composition of saline soils in the Zarafshan river valley were revealed. The Zarafshan river basin has a clearly defined border, as we can judge from the map of plastic relief made up in 1: 100 000 scale. Here three cascade systems are well distinguished, which is very important for the formation of the reclamation state of the territory. In this area, that is, the subsystem, on the proluvial-alluvial deposits is the main volume of groundwater, which is closely related to the surface. This subsystem is part of the catchment area of the Zarafshan river basin, which is the main source of removal from the territory of a huge mass of dissolved and solid substances.