Formulasi dan Nilai SPF Sediaan Emulgel Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.)

Abstract

Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) ethanol extract (EEDK) and kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) ethanol extract (EEDR) have strong antioxidant activity so they have the potential to be used as sunscreen preparations. Emulgel is a topical preparation that combines emulsion and gel so that it provides comfort when applied to the skin. The aim of the research is to formulate and determine the SPF (Sun Protection Factor) value of the emulgel preparation. Emulgel is formulated with EEDK, EEDR, carbopol 940, liquid paraffin, tween 80, span 80, propylene glycol, triethanolamine, methyl paraben, and distilled water. The preparation is made in 6 variations, namely a formula with a single active substance for F1 (EEDK 3%) and F2 (EEDR 2%) and a combination of both active substances for F3 (EEDK and EEDR 2%), F4 (EEDK 3% and EEDR 2%) and F5 (EEDK 2% and EEDR 3%) and F6 (no active substance). Evaluation of the preparation includes organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, stickiness, viscosity, freeze thaw stability test, and determining the SPF value using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Based on the evaluation results, F4 is recommended and stability testing is continued. The results of the organoleptic evaluation showed that the emulgel was dark green in color, had a characteristic extract smell, and was homogeneous, the pH of the preparation was 6.32–5.82, the spreadability was 5.7–6.18 cm, the adhesive force was >4 seconds, and the viscosity was 2506 – 2313 cps. The SPF F1-F6 value was 8.52; 7.56; 10.19; 12.7; 10.62; and 1.09. Based on the research results, it was concluded that the F4 preparation was stable in storage and met all parameters and the SPF value of the preparation, namely 12.4 (maximum protection).Ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) (EEDK) dan ekstrak etanol daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) (EEDR) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan kuat sehingga berpotensi digunakan sebagai sediaan tabir surya. Emulgel merupakan salah satu sediaan topikal yang mengkombinasikan emulsi dan gel sehingga memberikan kenyamanan saat dioleskan pada kulit. Tujuan penelitian untuk memformulasikan dan menentukan nilai SPF (Sun Protection Factor) dari sediaan emulgel. Emulgel diformulasikan dengan EEDK, EEDR, karbopol 940, parafin cair, tween 80, span 80, propilen glikol, triethanolamine, metil paraben, dan aquadest. Sediaan dibuat dengan 6 variasi yakni formula dengan zat aktif tunggal untuk F1 (EEDK 3%) dan F2 (EEDR 2%) serta kombinasi kedua zat aktif untuk F3 (EEDK dan EEDR 2%), F4 (EEDK 3% dan EEDR 2%) dan F5 (EEDK 2% dan EEDR 3%) serta F6 (tanpa zat aktif). Evaluasi sediaan meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, viskositas, uji stabilitas freeze thaw, dan penentuan nilai SPF menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, F4 direkomendasikan dan dilanjutkan uji stabilitas. Hasil evaluasi organoleptik diperoleh emulgel berwarna hijau tua, berbau khas ekstrak, dan homogen, pH sediaan 6.32–5.82, daya sebar 5.7–6.18 cm, daya lekat >4 detik, dan viskositas 2506 – 2313 cps. Nilai SPF F1-F6 didapatkan nilai 8,52; 7,56; 10,19; 12,7; 10,62; dan 1,09. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa sediaan F4 stabil dalam penyimpanan serta memenuhi semua parameter dan nilai SPF dari sediaan yaitu 12,4 (proteksi maksimal).