Dermatologically Tested Apple-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Safety, Anti-Aging, and Soothing Benefits for Skin Health

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from plant sources, particularly apple-derived vesicles (ADVs), have gained interest for their biocompatibility and bioactive properties in cosmetic, dermatological, and regenerative medicine applications. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 2% ADV-based formulation, assessing its potential for topical use through a series of standardized in vitro tests. Materials and Methods: The ADV-based formulation was subjected to genotoxicity (Ames test), corneal toxicity, skin irritation, corrosion, and sensitization assays, following OECD guidelines. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects were assessed through skin redness reduction and wrinkle parameter analysis over 60 days. Results: ADVs exhibited no genotoxic, cytotoxic, corrosive, or sensitizing effects, confirming their safety profile. The formulation significantly reduced skin redness (p < 0.05) and improved wrinkle length, volume, and roughness over time. Conclusion: These findings establish ADVs as safe and effective bioactive ingredients, supporting their potential integration into cosmetic and regenerative applications for skin health and anti-aging treatments.