Knowledge and Behavioral Responses of Elderly Primigravida Women to Obstetric Warning Signs: A Descriptive Exploratory Study in Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy at advanced maternal age (AMA) is believed to be linked to poor maternal and perinatal outcomes. However, the number of pregnancies linked to AMA has increased in recent decades. To reduce these dangers, it is crucial to identify and manage obstetric warning signs appropriately. Aim: To assess the knowledge and behavioral responses of elderly primigravida women regarding obstetric warning signs and identify factors associated with awareness and response. Research design: A descriptive exploratory study was conducted among 200 elderly primigravida women. Setting: The present study was carried out in the Maternal and Child Health Centers in Badr City, Cairo. Sample: A convenience sampling approach was employed. Tools of data collection: The following four tools were used: I) Participants' socio-demographic characteristics II) Participants' obstetric and medical data. III) Participants knowledge regarding pregnancy warning signs. IV) Behavioral responses toward warning signs. Results showed that 96% of participants had good knowledge of pregnancy warning signs, with the most recognized being vaginal bleeding (99.5%), severe abdominal pain (97.5%), and abnormal fetal movement (94%), while signs like blurred vision, abnormal vaginal discharge, excessive vomiting, and epigastric pain were less recognized, with significant associations found between knowledge and factors such as residence, education, and antenatal care attendance. About 86% demonstrated appropriate behavioral responses, with significant differences observed by marital status and education. Conclusion: Most of the participants' knowledge and behavior levels were high, but knowledge gaps and inappropriate responses among certain subgroups were highlight. Recommendation: Health facilities should prioritize thorough and frequent counseling on all obstetric warning sings, with a focus on less well-known symptoms, during ANC visits.