Review of beneficial and remedial aspects of Cardiospermum halicacabum L.

Abstract

Eco-friendly and bio-friendly plant based commodities have recently been given consideration for the avoidance and treatment of various human infections including microbial diseases throughout the world. Cardiospermum halicacabum L. belonging to family Sapindaceae is a herbaceous plant, extensively dispersed in tropical and subtropical areas of world. It grows in plains of Africa, America, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. The herb is pubertal or glabrous, yearly or perpetually having a slim twig that climbs by tendrillar hooks. Leaves are ternate bicomponent and leaflets acuminate at top. The roots, leaves and seeds of herb are employed as herbal medication.The presence of flavones, aglycones, triterpenoids, glycosides, variety of fatty acids and volatile esters are confirmed by phytochemical screening. Secondary metabolites present include alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, saponins lignin, steroids, and cardiac glycosides. β-arachidic acid, apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, chrysoeriol-7-Oglucuronide and 80 luteolin-7-O-glucuronide along with two crystalline compounds beta-sitosterol and beta-D-glycoside. Acetic acid, 1,6,10-Dodecatriene, 7,11,dimethyl-3- methylene-(E)-, phenol, 2,6-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylmethylcarbamate, 3-O-methyl-d-glucose, 1,14-Tetradecanediol, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, phytol, pseudoephedrine, 2-propenamide were also recognized in ethanolic extract. The plant possess activities like antimicrobial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antidiarrheal, anxiolytic, rubifacient, antipyretic and management of painful, arthritic inflammatory conditions. Further investigations are needed to assess its isolated mode of action on various activities. Key words: Cardiospermum halicacabum, anxiolytic, antipyretic, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antidiarrheal, rubifacient.