Remoción de metales pesados presentes en aguas residuales provenientes de pozos de perforación de petróleo y gas a través de coagulantes naturales

Abstract

Se evaluó la eficiencia del Opuntia ficus indica y del almidón de la Yuca como coagulantes en el tratamiento de aguas asociadas a la producción de petróleo y Gas. Se realizaron pruebas a escala de laboratorio de coagulación, floculación y sedimentación con tiempos de 1 minuto (mezcla rápida), 20 minutos (mezcla lenta) y 30 minutos, respectivamente. Las muestras de Aguas Asociadas con la extracción de petróleo y gas, con valores de turbidez inicial de 14500 NTU, el pozo sobre el cual se tomó la muestra de agua tiene por nombre Clarinete-5 jurisdicción Sucre. Se evaluaron diversas concentraciones, donde se tuvieron en cuenta parámetros tales como, demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), turbidez, pH y metales pesados (Mercurio, Hierro y Plomo). El Opuntia ficus indica fue eficiente para la remoción del Hierro, turbiedad, DBO y DQO generando resultados superiores al 87%. Mientras que el almidón de Yuca fue un poco menos eficiente generando un porcentaje de remoción mayor al 65% con respecto a los parámetros estudiados.  The efficiency of Opuntia ficus indica and Cassava Starch as coagulants in treating wastewater associated with oil and gas production was evaluated. Laboratory-scale tests of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation were conducted with contact times of 1 minute (rapid mixing), 20 minutes (slow mixing), and 30 minutes, respectively. The samples were taken from wastewater associated with oil and gas extraction, with an initial turbidity value of 14500 NTU, from a well named Clarinete-5 under Sucre jurisdiction. Various concentrations were evaluated, considering parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, pH, and heavy metals (Mercury, Iron, and Lead). Opuntia ficus indica exhibited efficiency in removing Iron, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and COD, with results exceeding 87%.The efficiency of Opuntia ficus indica and Cassava Starch as coagulants in treating wastewater associated with oil and gas production was evaluated. Laboratory-scale tests of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation were conducted with contact times of 1 minute (rapid mixing), 20 minutes (slow mixing), and 30 minutes, respectively. The samples were taken from wastewater associated with oil and gas extraction, with an initial turbidity value of 14500 NTU, from a well named Clarinete-5 under Sucre jurisdiction. Various concentrations were evaluated, considering parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, pH, and heavy metals (Mercury, Iron, and Lead). Opuntia ficus indica exhibited efficiency in removing Iron, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and COD, with results exceeding 87%.