Chimerism through the activation of invariant natural killer T cells prolongs graft survival after transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived allogeneic cardiomyocytes

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Abstract

The loss of functional cells through immunological rejection after transplantation reduces the efficacy of regenerative therapies for cardiac failure that use allogeneic induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs). Recently, mixed-chimera mice with donor-specific immunotolerance have been established using the RGI-2001 (liposomal formulation of a-galactosyl ceramide) ligand, which activates invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. The present study aimed to investigate whether mixed chimerism, established using RGI-2001, prolongs graft survival in allogeneic iPSC-CM transplantation. Mixed-chimera mice were established via combinatorial treatment with RGI-2001 and anti-CD154 antibodies in an irradiated murine bone marrow transplant model. Luciferase-expressing allogeneic iPSC-CMs were transplanted into mixed-chimera and untreated mice, followed by in vivo imaging. RGI-2001 enhanced iNKT cell activation in mice, and mixed chimerism was successfully established. In vivo imaging revealed that while the allografts were completely obliterated within 2 weeks when transplanted to untreated mice, their survivals were not affected in the mixed-chimera mice. Furthermore, numerous CD3+ cells infiltrated allografts in untreated mice, but fewer CD3+ cells were present in mixed-chimera mice. We conclude that mixed-chimera mice established using RGI-2001 showed prolonged graft survival after allogeneic iPSC-CM transplantation. This donor-specific immunotolerance might increase the efficacy of regenerative therapies for heart failure with allogeneic iPSC-CMs.

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APA

Yoshida, S., Miyagawa, S., Matsuzaki, T., Ishii, Y., Fukuda-Kawaguchi, E., Kawamura, T., … Sawa, Y. (2022). Chimerism through the activation of invariant natural killer T cells prolongs graft survival after transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived allogeneic cardiomyocytes. PLoS ONE, 17(3 March). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264317

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