Low Back Pain

Abstract

Why do so many patients opt for a surgical solution to lumbosacral (L-S) radicular pain? A rhetoric as well as specific question. Recently a Big Ten coach underwent the scalpel for the third time in two years. “Pain” not masochism was hisresponse when questioned by the press, “Why the knife?” Most physicians and patients equate the severity of L-S radicular pain with the seriousness of the disc derangement. This is not so! Most physicians are aware that radicular pain is inverselyproportional to the weakness associated with L-S disc herniation or extrusion. The natural history is a general remission of pain with a little exercise, perhaps some medication, and mostly Mother Nature. A sudden cessation of pain suggests a “dead” root and significant weakness. Unfortunate? Not necessarily. Electrodiagnostic studies can demonstrate a L-S radiculopathy within two weeks of onset and after one week candifferentiate neurapraxic (reversible) weakness from permanent weakness. In both instances surgery is not the treatment of choice. In the first instance a conduction block atthis inflamed nerve root is the problem and in the second scenario the weakness is generally not reversible with surgery (in fact the operation could be blamed). Nonradicularback pain needs a physiatric evaluation and management program. Patients should be reassured in all situations that most people “get over” acute back pain (including radicular) with minimal residuals if they are patient and educable! After all, rehabilitation is essentially teaching and patient learning. All patients with low back pain need thorough grounding in anatomy and physiology of the low back and biomechanics of lifting, in order to fend off advice of well-meaning friends, relatives, or even other “health” professionals. A recent study announced 10 times more lumbar laminectomies are done in the United States than in Europe. To reduce this number, I suggest all second opinions for this major (e.g., Discectomy) lumbar assault be given by a nonsurgeon who understands back problems (i.e., a physiatrist). Isn’t this essentially the same as a gastroenterologist presenting a second opinion for management of a gastric ulcer—medical versus surgical? A physiatrist would provide a second opinion instead of a seconding opinion. © 1993 Andover Medical.