Influencing Factors of Melasma

Abstract

Background: Melasma is a disorder characterized by hyperpigmented macular lesions on the frequently sun-exposed skin. Melasma often occurs and becomes a cosmetics problem that lowers confidence. The cause of melasma is not yet known. Objective: Purpose of this research is analyzing factors associated to melasma in order to improve knowledge and the understanding of the factors that influence the occurrence of melasma. Method: Design of this study was descriptive observational study with cross sectional study. Data for this study was obtained from questionnaires and interviews. The sample size used was whole sampling. Results: The most attained results in each factors was age, Female (99,10%), family history (64,86%), 31-40 years (47,75%), Housewife (44,14%), sunlight 2-3 hours (42,34%), history of hormonal contraceptive (31,81%), history melasma in pregnancy (27,88%), hormonal disease (12,73%). Conclusion: Incidence of melasma has a multifactorial effect but factors gender and family history or genetics maybe strong influencing to the majority of patients.