Deficiency of DICER reduces the invasion ability of trophoblasts and impairs the pro-angiogenic effect of trophoblast-derived microvesicles

Abstract

DICER is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the canonical miRNAs biogenesis pathway, and DICER and DICER-dependent miRNAs have been proved to play essential roles in many physiological and pathological processes. However, whether DICER is involved in placentation has not been studied. Successful spiral artery remodelling is one of the key milestones during placentation, which depends mostly on the invasion of trophoblasts and the crosstalk between trophoblasts and endothelial cells. In the present study, we show that DICER knockdown impairs the invasion ability of both primary extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) and HTR8/SVneo (HTR8) cell lines. The decreased invasion of HTR8 cells upon DICER knockdown (sh-Dicer) was partly due to the up-regulation of miR-16-2-3p, which led to a reduced expression level of the collagen type 1 alpha 2 chain (COL1A2) protein. Moreover, microvesicles (MVs) can be secreted by HTR8 cells and promote the tube formation ability of human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). However, conditioned medium and MVs derived from sh-Dicer HTR8 cells have an anti-angiogenic effect, due to reduced angiogenic factors and increased anti-angiogenic miRNAs (including let-7d, miR-1-6-2 and miR-15b), respectively. In addition, reduced protein expression of DICER is found in PE placenta by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. In summary, our study uncovered a novel DICER-miR-16-2-COL1A2 mediated pathway involved in the invasion ability of EVT, and DICER-containing MVs mediate the pro-angiogenic effect of trophoblast-derived conditioned medium on angiogenesis, implying the involvement of DICER in the pathogenesis of PE.