Risk assessment of some toxic metals in fishes collected from Wadi El Rayan Lakes, Fayoum Governorate, Egypt

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the residual concentrations of Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg) and Arsenic (As) in flesh of Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) collected from lake I, lake II and farmed O .niloticus .Bagrus bajad (B. bajad) were obtained from lake I and Sea bass from lake II at Wadi El-Rayan, Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. The mean values of Cd were (0.023, 0.083, 0.023, 0.083 and 0.025( ; Pb (0.177, 0.373, 0.265, 0.446 and 0.168), Hg (0.034, 0.127, 0.02 ,0.297 and 0.03) and As (0.055, 0.069, 0.045, 0.072 and 0.072) ppm in examined O. niloticus lake I, lake II, Farmed O. niloticus, B. bajad lake I and Sea bass lake II, respectively. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of Cd, Pb, Hg, and As was 0.033, 0.198, 0.07 and 0.043 µg/ kg body weight/day, respectively. Comparing of EDI of all examined toxic metals were below the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI). The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) of Cd (0.016 to 0.058) Pb (0.029 to 0.077), Hg (0.046 to 0.686), and As (0.104 to 0.167), respectively. All THQ of the examined metals in all fish species was below one. The Hazard index (HI) of all tested fish species was lower than one, indicating that there is no health risk for the consumer by ingesting multiple metals contained in fish from Wadi El Rayan Lakes.