Management of Ovarian Cystic Tumor: Diagnosis, Management, and Its Follow-Up-Case Presentation of Three Patients and Literature Review

Abstract

The diagnosis and management of ovarian cystic tumor is sometimes difficult. In this manuscript, we wish to summarize this issue by showing three cases. Ultrasound and Color Doppler are very useful to diagnose the presence of this tumor but also to distinguish between benign and malignant. Pelvic MRI is also a strong tool and is sometimes mandatory. HE4 and CA125 are often useful as a serum diagnostic marker of malignancy, but not always so. Recently, laparoscopic management has gained popularity; however, great caution should be exercised during laparoscopic operative procedures, as this may lead to intraperitoneal malignant cell spreading/proliferation when the tumor is malignant. During the surgery of malignant tumor, irrespective of laparoscopic or laparotomic, intraperitoneal rupture should be avoided. Since the final diagnosis must be made by histological examination, the patient must always be informed of this possibility.