Effect of Extraction Time on Averrhoa bilimbi Leaf Ethanolic Extracts Using Soxhlet Apparatus

Abstract

Averrhoa bilimbi leaf extract is used as herbal medicine for various disorders treatment by communities. The causes of coronary disease such as cholesterols and triglycerides are widely established by Averrhoa bilimbi leaf extracts due to the presence of bioactive compounds such as glycoside, tannins, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. This study extracted Averrhoa bilimbi leaf using Soxhlet apparatus and 500 mL ethanol 96 % as a solvent extraction. Ethanol was used as solvent due to the solubility of bioactive compounds, non-toxic and biodegradable. The leaves were collected, chopped and dried at 60 °C until reached a constant weight. The moisture content of leaf was obtained 48.67 % at 24 hours of drying. The objective was to examined extraction time effect on the yield of leaf ethanol extracts. Extraction was carried out at constant temperature 70 °C and the time was varied at 60, 120, 240, 360 and 480 minutes. The highest yield and total flavanoid obtained for 13.77 % 13132.52 mg/L at 240 minutes. The yield of extraction was reduced at 360 minutes due to the optimum extraction time had been reached. In spite of that, this work indicate that the longer of extraction time, the more bioactive compound was extracted.