A study of rain water harvesting for sustainable water resource management in Nagaland, Northeast India – a review

Abstract

Water is universally perceived as one of the most valuable natural resources. Global warming, changing climatic conditions, and population growth have necessitated more effective planning and management of water resources. Water is critical not only for agriculture, but also for industries and daily household activities. The overall rainfall pattern has shifted dramatically over the last two decades. Individuals, communities, industries, and governments occasionally faced uncertainty due to the heavy reliance on rainfall. It affects the socioeconomic environment, consumption patterns/capacity, and job creation, among other things. Countries such as Israel have succeeded in making optimal use of their water resources. Water scarcity results in drought, while an excess of water results in flood-like conditions, resulting in human and economic losses. Due to imbalanced rainfall, conventional water sources such as wells, rivers, and reservoirs are insufficient to meet water demand. As the rainwater collection system investigates a new water source, it can be viewed as a tool for managing water resources effectively. It places a premium on water storage and utilisation in a systematic and scientific manner. The purpose of this study is to determine how rainwater harvesting can contribute to sustainable water resource management in Nagaland by meeting diverse requirements and overcoming water-related challenges.