Metabolic theory of ecology and diversity of continental zooplankton in Brazil

Abstract

Several ecological hypotheses try to explain geographical patterns in biodiversity. The Metabolic Theory of Ecology (MTE) predicts that temperature is the main determinant of richness patterns for ectothermic organisms and that the relationship between richness (lnS) and temperature (1/kT) is a linear relationship with angular coefficient (b) near -0.65. This study tested the MTE for continental zooplankton diversity in 63 lakes in Brazil. Copepoda, Cladocera and Rotifera, as well as the three groups combined, showed different patterns from that predicted by MTE, with b values equal to 0.871, 0.516, 0.720 and 0.901, respectively. Temperature explains 12.7% of the richness of Copepoda, 5.3% of Cladocera, 6.7% of Rotifera, and 11.4% of all zooplankton groups together. Several studies have shown that the MTE does not apply to many terrestrial groups, perhaps because the model does not consider variances generated by other factors such as environmental spatial range, body size and other variables. The present study confirms this point of view, expanding it to continental aquatic invertebrates as well.