Differential expression of PDZ domain-containing proteins in human diseases - Challenging topics and novel issues

Abstract

The general features of the PDZ domain structure and functions have been extensively studied during the last decade. PDZ domains are generally present in proteins that are involved in multiple interactions to assemble functional protein complexes that control key cellular processes. One of the best characterized functions of PDZ domain-containing proteins is control of epithelial cell polarity and cell-cell contacts. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge on regulation of expression of certain PDZ polarity proteins localized at the intercellular junctions. In addition, we provide a critical overview of recent findings regarding the role of these proteins during development of human diseases. Complete understanding of these issues is valuable for the design of novel therapeutic intervention for common pathologies, such as cancer. In the present review we discuss the regulation of the expression of certain PDZ polarity proteins which are localized at intercellular junctions. We also provide a critical overview of recent findings about the role of these proteins during the development of human diseases. The understanding of these issues would be valuable for the design of novel therapeutic intervention for common pathologies, such as cancer. © 2012 The Authors Journal compilation © 2012 FEBS.