Developing clinical reasoning: An introduction for pharmacy preceptors

Abstract

Clinical reasoning is the thinking and decision-making process undertaken to solve and manage a clinical problem. This process differs from problem solving or critical thinking and refers to the process of identifying drug therapy problems and optimizing therapeutic options. While clinical reasoning is a professional expectation of pharmacists in practice, pharmacy preceptors may find it difficult to teach and assess the complexity and nuances of clinical reasoning. The purpose of this guide is to briefly review clinical reasoning processes in pharmacy practice and to summarize practical strategies for preceptors to implement with their learners to promote the development of clinical reasoning.