Challenges and opportunities in direct write technology using nano-metal particles

Abstract

Direct write technology assists the electronic industry in their effort to miniaturize electronic circuits and enhance speed of printing capability. The technology allows printing various patterns without employing a mask or a resist with an enhanced speed with the aid of computer.This paper describes the current status of the synthesis of conductive inks, a key to success in this technology. There are numerous factors to overcome in manufacturing inks which meet all the necessary conditions of conductivity, viscosity, and stability. In order to achieve the required conductivity, nano-particles used in the ink have to be made from gold, silver or copper. Inherent problems involved in these metal powders include high melting point, coagulation, impurities, cost, and, in the case of copper, oxidation. The direction of research currently being carried out in meeting and overcoming various challenges in this technology is reviewed and discussed. Other salient applications of nano-sized metal powders are also briefly examined. © 2009 Hosokawa Powder Technology Foundation.