Charcot foot.

Abstract

Charcot joint is the painless, degenerative, progressive neuropathic destruction of the bony architecture of one or more joints of the feet. Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of Charcot joint in North America, although the exact etiology is uncertain. The classic presenting complaint involves unilateral painless swelling of the lower extremity or foot. Charcot joint is often mistaken for cellulitis or deep vein thrombosis and may result in significant foot or ankle deformities. There are several treatment options for the patient presenting with Charcot joint. Medical management often includes immobilization and maintaining nonweightbearing status. Surgical intervention, often a final attempt at managing Charcot foot, involves careful patient selection and is not recommended for all patients. The postoperative phase can be challenging for both patient, nursing staff, and the surgeon.