ESTIMASI EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA (GRK) KEGIATAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI KELURAHAN KARANG JOANG, BALIKPAPAN

Abstract

Current waste management processes in Balikpapan city are waste collection from waste generation sources and waste disposal in Manggar landfill. Waste collection and disposal in landfill generates greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. Data of waste generation and composition that were used in the estimation of greenhouse gases emission were collected with sampling in the residential area of Karang Joang, Balikpapan. Sampling of waste generation and composition was carried out based on Indonesia National Standard (SNI) SNI 19-3964-1994. The estimation of greenhouse emissions was calculated based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2019 Tier 1 method. Waste generation of the residential area of Karang Joang is 0,25 kg/capita/day. The composition of waste is dominated by organic and paper waste with average percentage of 49.09% and 21.82%, respectively. Greenhouse gas emission from waste collection was 460,11 equivalent CO2/year/ton of collected waste. Greenhouse gas emission of landfilling was determined based on three scenarios of waste management, landfilling, open burning, and recycling with composting. The final disposal of waste by landfilling generates greenhouse gas emissions of 3237 kg equivalent CO2 per tonne of dumped wet waste. Open burning of waste generates greenhouse gas emissions of 2433 kg equivalent CO2 per tonne of openly burned wet waste. For reducing greenhouse gases emission from waste collection and landfilling, scenarios of organic waste composting and waste recycling were calculated. Composting produces greenhouse gas emissions of 386 kg equivalent CO2 per tonne of waste. Composting with landfilling of residual waste produced 913 kg equivalent CO2 per tonne of waste. Recycling and composting can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 62,34% from Bussiness As Usual (BAU) condition.