Beyond the dialogue: A study of text-on-screen translation strategies in English-Spanish dubbed audiovisual products

Abstract

The use of text on screen (TOS) in audiovisual material is widespread. Due to technological developments, it is also expected to grow. Since TOS is commonly used as a narrative device in audiovisual products, translating it is crucial for the distribution of audiovisual products to foreign markets. However, this practice can be challenging for a range of financial and technical reasons. This article explores approaches to TOS translation and their impacts on the potential for viewers to appreciate translated audiovisual material. Drawing on examples from four television series, the range of translation strategies for TOS in English-Spanish dubbed programmes is examined whilst discussing the advantages, shortcomings and challenges of using different strategies from both translators’ and viewers’ perspectives. It is suggested that translators occasionally resort to a strategy (verbalisation) that is advantageous for the audiences of dubbed products but has not been previously studied by scholars. It is also argued that not all TOS translation decisions are determined by translators and that respecting both the content and visual aspects of TOS positively impacts the viewing experience. Finally, it is claimed that more research is required to improve TOS translation practice and thus the quality of the viewing experience.