Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Education: A Review of Pedagogical Innovations

Abstract

This study critically evaluates the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into engineering education, with a specific focus on its transformative role within the Digital-Intelligent Era. Drawing on General Systems Theory (GST), this research synthesizes insights from 82 empirical studies spanning 2011 to 2024, exploring AI's impact on the evolution of educational frameworks. The study identifies six key application domains of AI within engineering education, including intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive learning platforms, virtual laboratories, and personalized curriculum design. It highlights the synergy between AI and other emerging technologies, such as 5G, Cloud Computing, and Big Data, driving pedagogical innovation and enhancing the learning experience. Additionally, the paper addresses challenges related to the implementation of AI-based educational strategies, including infrastructure limitations, resistance to change, and equity concerns. Finally, it offers strategic solutions to overcome these challenges, fostering a more inclusive and effective educational environment.