Avaliação de novas práticas de compostagem em pequena escala com aproveitamento energético

Abstract

This study comprehends the research of new composting systems for the organic solid waste treatment with low environmental impact. Two types of composting, four types of management and its economic feasibility were tested, as well as two compositions of organic solid waste focused at energy recovery by heating water. The composting maintained the thermophilic process for more than 20 days, showed a non-significant CH4 emission, maintained aerobic conditions by passive aeration, without leachate generation. The aspects with increase influence were: suspension of composters on pallets, waste composition, condition of composters, and adopted management. The test of energetic recovery showed that the water reached temperatures up to 51ºC after 24 hours of recirculation, demonstrating that this process can be a potential energy source. The proposed composting model is environmental feasible, because it minimizes gas emission and leachate generation compared to the landfill or industrial composting plants. Therefore, it is suggested to be used in industrial kitchens, condos, shopping malls, and other small and medium generators.