Mechanical clot disruption following intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator administration in non-responders

Abstract

The efficacy of selecting non-responders to intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt- PA) for mechanical clot disruption (MCD) was investigated based on cerebral angiography in the acute stage following rt-PA therapy. rt-PA therapy using 0.6 mg/kg was performed in eligible patients within 3 hours of onset. Patients who did not show recanalization on cerebral angiography 1 hour after rt-PA initiation immediately underwent MCD. Clinical outcome was evaluated by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at baseline, 24 hours, and 1 month, and by modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at 3 months. Eighteen patients were initially treated with intravenous rt-PA, with mean time from stroke onset to rt-PA therapy of 120 ± 27 minutes. Eight of these patients underwent MCD. Seven of these eight patients had complete recanalization. Time to recanalization by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty from stroke onset was 258 ± 59 minutes. Final recanalization was achieved in 16 of the 18 patients. Baseline NIHSS score improved significantly at 1 month (median from 22.5 to 4). Twelve of the 18 patients treated according to our protocol were classified as independent (mRS scores 0-2). No patients had symptomatic hemorrhage. MCD for non-responders determined by cerebral angiography at the end of intravenous rt-PA infusion can decrease the time to recanalization and improve recanalization rates, leading to good clinical outcome after acute stroke.