Characteristics and treatment analysis of young acute coronary syndrome patients in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional retrospective study

Abstract

Background and Aims: The prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has been rising in the younger population worldwide. To fully comprehend the effects of the condition, it is crucial to examine the evolving characteristics and treatment options. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics and treatment analysis for young ACS patients in a tertiary care setting. Methods: This cross-sectional, retrospective, single-center study included a random sample of patients who had been hospitalized for ACS over the period of a year. We collected and analyzed data on risk factors, diagnoses, angiographic patterns, and potential treatments. Results: The study involved 198 young ACS patients in total. The majority of patients (57%) had no risk factors, and the majority of them (44%) had ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) as their diagnosis. The most common type (48%) was single-vessel disease (SVD). Statins and antiplatelet medications made up the majority of the patients’ nonsurgical treatments (88% and 87%, respectively). A statistically significant difference exists between young and older ACS patients with gender (p < 0.01). However, it is not clinically relevant. Conclusion: Men were the majority of young ACS patients, and STEMI, SVD were more prevalent. The majority of young ACS patients had no significant risk factors. To determine the risk factors of young ACS patients, a more thorough case–control study is critically needed.