Lipid and nutritional profiles of Caribbean patients with chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Aim: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is marked by the deterioration of kidney function and derangement in lipid metabolism. Thus, we aim at evaluating the lipid and nutritional parameters of Caribbean patients with CKD. Methods: The study recruited 88 CKD patients and 105 apparently healthy subjects. Blood glucose, urea, creatinine, albumin, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, VLDL, and LDL were measured in duplicate on the Vitros 4600 Multi-Channel Chemistry Auto-Analyzer (Johnson & Johnson Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics Inc., Rochester NY, USA) in our laboratory. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 20) was used for statistical analysis. Results: Mean levels of diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05), age, and systolic blood pressure between the patients and the healthy controls (p < 0.001) were different. In addition, mean levels of BUN (p < 0.05), serum creatinine, and uric acid were higher and eGFR lower in the patients compared with the healthy controls (p < 0.001). The mean levels of albumin, glucose, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and VLDL (p < 0.001) also differed between patients and healthy controls. Negative correlation between eGFR and triglycerides and a positive correlation between eGFR and total cholesterol, HDL-c and LDL were observed. The prevalence of hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia and underweight were 27.27%, 57.95% and 4.55% respectively in patients, compared with 10.48%, 44.74% and 2.86% respectively in healthy controls. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is common in CKD patients and is therefore, imperative that, routine lipid profile analysis be detailed in order to check any trend towards the development of CVD.